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專升本英語語法之——倒裝句
倒裝句，英語重要句型結(jié)構(gòu)之一。主要特征就是顛倒主謂順序，如下列句子：
陳述語序：主語+謂語 e.g.The bus comes here.
倒裝語序：謂語+主語 e.g. Here comes the bus.
功能：起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用
例如：He swears that never will he give up to the difficulty.他發(fā)誓絕不會(huì)像困難屈服。(強(qiáng)調(diào)“never絕不”)
形式結(jié)構(gòu)
全部倒裝：全部謂語+主語
部分倒裝：部分謂語+主語+謂語剩余部分 (be/V助/V情+主+謂語另一半)
三種類型倒裝句的句首特殊詞全倒裝特殊詞/半倒裝特殊詞/形式倒裝
全倒裝特殊詞
1.表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞及介詞
here/there/in/out/away/now/then/up/downe.g. There stands a tall tree. 這兒有一棵很高大的樹。
2.表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語in the room/on the road/under the treee.g. Under the tree lies a boy. 樹下躺著一個(gè)男孩。
*注意1.there be 句型there be .../there exist... /there stand .../there flow.../there lie.../there grow...e.g. There lies a boy. 這兒躺著一個(gè)男孩。
2.人稱代詞不全倒e.g. Here you are. 給你。
半特殊倒裝詞
“四否”1.否定副詞或介詞短語否定副詞：no/not/few/little/seldom/never/hardly/scarecely/no sooner介詞短語：絕不=in no way=by means=on no occasion=on no account=at no time=under no circumstances
2.Not until ... 直到...才...e.g. Not until midnight did I fall asleep.我直到凌晨才睡著。e.g. I didn't know it until he told me the truth.直到他告訴我，我才知道真相。e.g. Not until he told me the truth did I know it.直到他告訴我，我才知道真相。
3.Not only...(but also...)不僅...(而且)e.g. Not only does he speak English well, but also he speaks French well. 他不僅英語說得好，法語也說得很好。
4.一...就...(句型)Hardly had + 主+done when +主+didScarcely had + 主+done when +主+didNo sooner had + 主+done when +主+did
“兩 so”1. so + adj. +be/助/情+主語+其它2.對(duì)上文一致的回答：也......肯定一致回答：so+be/助/情+主語e.g. Tom is good at French, so is his brother. 湯姆擅長法語，他哥哥也是。
否定一致回答：neither/nor+be/助/情/主語e.g. I don't know what happened to him, nor do I care. 我不知道他怎么了，我也不在乎。
*注：so +主+be/助/情(的確如此)上文出現(xiàn)兩種情況時(shí)的一致回答：so it is/was with...
Only+狀語e.g. Only in this way can you lose weight.只有這樣你才能減下肥。
虛擬倒裝在非真實(shí)條件句中，省略if并提前“should/had/were”
形式倒裝
as表“雖然”1.n./adj./adv.+as+主+謂注意：n.前省略冠詞e.g.Rich as he is, he does not feel happy. 他很富有，但他并不快樂。
2. v.+as+主+V助/V情