專升本英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)中，詞匯和語(yǔ)法有著同等重要的地位，而英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)也一直是困擾大部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的一點(diǎn)，今天庫(kù)課李老師給考生整理了專升本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法8種英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)，正在備考的考生一定要認(rèn)真查看，爭(zhēng)取考出好成績(jī)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1、概念：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況;有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況;總是發(fā)生的;事實(shí)真理。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形(如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+am / is / are+not+其他;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加 don't，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。
eg：①I(mǎi)t seldom snows here. 這里很少下雪。②He is always ready to help others. 他總是樂(lè)于幫助別人。③Action speaks louder than words. 事實(shí)勝雄辯。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)
1.概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式或 be 的過(guò)去式+名詞
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was / were+not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was 或 were 放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 的過(guò)去式 did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。
eg：①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來(lái)幫助我們。②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你這么忙。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+will / shall+do+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+am /is/ are not going to+do;主語(yǔ)+will / shall not do+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大寫(xiě))
eg：①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將在學(xué)習(xí)中與我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。
一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1.概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+was / were+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would / should+do+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/should+not+do.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首
eg：①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。②I asked who was going there. 我問(wèn)，誰(shuí)要去那里。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+doing+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+be+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。
eg：
?、貯re you feeling good today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?
②He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)+was / were+doing+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě))
eg：①At that time she was working in a company. 那段時(shí)間她在一家公司工作。②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我正在讀報(bào)紙。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1.概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段，recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have / has+過(guò)去分詞+其它
4.否定形式：主語(yǔ)+have / has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：have 或 has 放句首。
eg：①I(mǎi)'ve written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一篇論文。②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年，農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1.概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done.
4.否定形式：had+not+done.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句：had 放于句首。
6.用法：
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。
eg：She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)巴黎。
(2)在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過(guò)去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
eg：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí)，小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/span>
(3)表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示"原本…，未能…"。
eg：
①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來(lái)，但是你沒(méi)有來(lái)。
?、贗 had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開(kāi)門(mén)，他就打了我。(注意：had hardly… when... 剛......就......)
?、跦e had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買(mǎi)了這輛車(chē)，轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣(mài)了。(注意：had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……)